dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ | māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāścaiva kimakurvata sañjaya || 1 ||
Word-by-word analysis
धर्मक्षेत्रे
dharmakṣetre—"the land of dharma"
Akāranta · Napuṃsakaliṅga · Saptamī · Ekavachanam
A-ending stem · Neuter · Locative · Singular
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- धर्मस्य क्षेत्रं धर्मक्षेत्रर्् । 6T
कुरुक्षेत्रे
kurukṣetre—"in Kurukṣetra"
Akāranta · Napuṃsakaliṅga · Saptamī · Ekavachanam
A-ending stem · Neuter · Locative · Singular
KārakaAdhikaraṇe— Locus / Locative
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- कुरूणां क्षेत्रं धर्मक्षेत्रर्् । 6T
समवेताः
samavetāḥ—"assembled"
Akāranta · Puṃliṅga · Prathamā · Bahuvachanam
A-ending stem · Masculine · Nominative · Plural
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- सर्् + अव + इण् to assemble + क्त (…ed)
युयुत्सवः
yuyutsavaḥ—"desiring to fight"
Ukāranta · Puṃliṅga · Prathamā · Bahuvachanam
U-ending stem · Masculine · Nominative · Plural
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- योद्धुर्् इच्ुः युयुत्सुः ते । युध् (to fight) + सन् (to desire to …) + उ (agent)
मामकाः
māmakāḥ—"my sons"
Akāranta · Puṃliṅga · Prathamā · Bahuvachanam
A-ending stem · Masculine · Nominative · Plural
KārakaKartari— Agent / Subject
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- अस्र्द् + अण् (युष्ट्र्दस्र्दोरन्यतरस्यां खञ् च । ४.३.२) = र्र्क + अण् (तवकर्र्कावेकवचने । ४.३.३)
पाण्डवाः
pāṇḍavāḥ—"the sons of Pāṇḍu"
Akāranta · Puṃliṅga · Prathamā · Bahuvachanam
A-ending stem · Masculine · Nominative · Plural
KārakaKartari— Agent / Subject
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- ऩण्डोः अऩत्यं ऩाण्डवः ते ।
च
ca—"and"
Avyaya
एव
eva—"indeed"
Avyaya
किम्
kim—"what"
Akāranta · Napuṃsakaliṅga · Dvitīyā · Ekavachanam
A-ending stem · Neuter · Accusative · Singular
KārakaKarmaṇi— Object
अकुर्वत
akurvata—"did they do"
Dhātu कृ (8U) · Laṅlakāra · Kartari · Prathama Puruṣa · Bahuvachanam
Root "do" (8U) · Imperfect (past) · Agent / Subject · Third person · Plural
सञ्जय
sañjaya—"O Sañjaya!"
Akāranta · Puṃliṅga · Sambodhana · Ekavachanam
A-ending stem · Masculine · Vocative · Singular
KārakaSambodhane— Vocative address